Python如何实现文件操作帮助类

一、业务需求

在使用Python进行业务开发的时候，需要将一些数据保存到本地文件存储，方便后面进行数据分析展示。

二、需求分析

通过查看需求可得出：需要将数据存储为本地文件（这就是涉及到文件的操作），文件操作属于基础内容，可以直接将常用的文件操作封装为一个文件，后面使用直接调用即可。

三、实现方法

3.1、Python文件帮助类

#文件操作
 
import pickle
 
#读取文件的所有内容(返回字符串)
def ReadFileAllInfoAsStr(filePathAndName):
    try:
        with open(filePathAndName) as fileObj:
            fileInfos=fileObj.read()
    except FileNotFoundError:
        msg="很抱歉，文件【"+filePathAndName+"】不存在"
        print(msg)
    else:
        return fileInfos
 
#读取文件的所有内容（返回列表）
def ReadFileAllInfoAsList(filePathAndName):
    try:
        with open(filePathAndName) as fileObj:
            fileInfos=fileObj.readlines()
    except FileNotFoundError:
        msg="很抱歉，文件【"+filePathAndName+"】不存在"
        print(msg)
    else:
        return fileInfos
 
#写入信息到文件（覆盖原有内容）
def WriteInfo(needWriteInfo,filePathAndName):
    try:
        with open(filePathAndName,'wb') as fileObj:
            tmpBytes = bytes(needWriteInfo,'utf8')
            fileObj.write(tmpBytes)
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)
 
    
#追加信息到文件中
def AppedInfo(needWriteInfo,filePathAndName):
    try:
        with open(filePathAndName,'ab') as fileObj:
            tmpBytes = bytes('\n'+needWriteInfo,'utf8')
            fileObj.write(tmpBytes)
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)
 
 
#写入对象到文件
def WriteObj(needWriteInfo,filePathAndName):
    try:
       with open(filePathAndName,'wb') as fileObj:
           pickle.dump(needWriteInfo,fileObj)
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)
 
#读取文件内容
def ReadObj(filePathAndName):
    try:
       with open(filePathAndName,'rb') as fileObj:
        tmpObj = pickle.load(fileObj)
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)
    else:
        return tmpObj
    
 
import json
import codecs
 
#写入信息为json文件
def WritInfoAsJson(needWriteInfo,filePathAndName):
    try:
        with codecs.open(filePathAndName,'wb',encoding='utf-8') as fileObj:
            json.dump(needWriteInfo,fileObj)
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)
 
#读取json文件信息
def ReadInfoToJson(filePathAndName):
    try:
        with codecs.open(filePathAndName,'rb',encoding='utf-8') as fileObj:
            tmpJson=json.load(fileObj)
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)
    else:
        return tmpJson

3.2、Python文件帮助类的使用示例

import FileOPC
 
print('\n写入信息到文件中')
filePathAndName2='file/test.txt'
tmpstr="测试写入内容abcdefg"
FileOPC.WriteInfo(tmpstr,filePathAndName2)
 
print('\n将字符串转为字节1')
tmpbytes1=str.encode('测试写入内容','utf-8')
print(tmpbytes1)
print('\n将字符串转为字节2')
tmpbytes2=bytes('测试写入内容','utf-8')
print(tmpbytes2)
 
print('\n追加信息到文件中')
FileOPC.AppedInfo('追加信息123',filePathAndName2)
FileOPC.AppedInfo('测试追加信息456',filePathAndName2)
 
print('\n切分字符串')
splitStr="Alice in wonderlan 切割字符串,1,2,3,45,6"
tmpSplit = splitStr.split(',')
print(tmpSplit)
 
print('\n写入对象信息到文件')
filePathAndName3='file/test2.txt'
FileOPC.WriteObj('测试写入对象信息112254799abcadshofdsaujfoduasfoj',filePathAndName3)
 
print('\n读取文件对象')
tmpObj = FileOPC.ReadObj(filePathAndName3)
print(tmpObj)
 
import json
print('\n写入信息保存为Json文件')
filePathAndName4='file/testJson.json'
jsonDatas={"101001":[1,3,5,7,9],"101009":["张三","李四",'王五']}
#jsonDatas=[2,3,5,7,11,13]
 
FileOPC.WritInfoAsJson(jsonDatas,filePathAndName4)
 
print('\n读取Json文件信息')
tmpJson=FileOPC.ReadInfoToJson(filePathAndName4)
print(tmpJson)

3.3、示例执行结果

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