ASP.NET Core 应用程序发布命令实例

ASP.NET Core 应用程序发布命令:

dotnet publish [<PROJECT>] [-f|--framework] [-r|--runtime] [-o|--output] [-c|--configuration] [--version-suffix] [-v|--verbosity] [-h|--help]

发布示例命令(生成在bin/release/netcoreapp1.1/publish目录下):

dotnet publish -c release

上面命令并没有指定EnvironmentName发布,什么意思呢?比如 ASP.NET Core 应用程序中的appsettings.json配置,测试环境和生产环境配置并不相同(比如数据库连接字符串),如果用上面的发布命令,我们还需要手动拷贝下不同环境的appsettings.json文件,以后要更改了,还需要再进行发布更新,很麻烦。

怎么解决上面的问题,很简单,指定下开发机或者服务器的ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT环境变量,设置环境变量之后,执行dotnet *.dll启动程序的时候,ASP.NET Core 会自动加载此环境变量对应的appsettings.*.json文件,比如appsettings.Production.json

ASP.NET Core 应用程序发布命令实例

其实,我们使用 VS 2017 F5 调试项目的时候,也会默认设置ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT环境变量的,比如 ASP.NET Core 应用程序中的launchSettings.json示例配置:

"profiles": {"IIS Express": {  "commandName": "IISExpress",  "launchBrowser": true,  "launchUrl": "api/values",  "environmentVariables": {"ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT": "Development"  }},"AspNetCore.Samples": {  "commandName": "Project",  "launchBrowser": true,  "launchUrl": "api/values",  "environmentVariables": {"ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT": "Development"  },  "applicationUrl": "http://localhost:59522"}}

Startup示例配置:

public Startup(IHostingEnvironment env)
{var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder()
        .SetBasePath(env.ContentRootPath)
        .AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", optional: false, reloadOnChange: true)
        .AddJsonFile($"appsettings.{env.EnvironmentName}.json", optional: true)
        .AddEnvironmentVariables();
    Configuration = builder.Build();
}

因为上面配置中,ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT设置的是Development,我们在使用 VS 2017 F5 调试项目,会加载和使用项目下的appsettings.Development.json配置文件,如果不存在此文件,ASP.NET Core 默认会使用appsettings.json配置文件。

那我们怎么在服务器上设置ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT环境变量呢?很简单,敲个命令就可以了。

1. Windows 服务器设置

命令行:

>setx ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT "Development"SUCCESS: Specified value was saved.

或者(需要管理员权限)

>setx ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT "Development" /MSUCCESS: Specified value was saved.

PowerShell命令:

$Env:ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT = "Prodction"

Windows 设置环境命令后,需要重新再开一个命令行dotnet *.dll启动项目,才会有效。

2. MacOS/Linux 服务器设置

命令行:

export ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT=development

dotnet *.dll启动项目的时候,我们可以看到当前的Hosting environment,以便检查是否正确,示例:

> dotnet AspNetCore.Samples.dllHosting environment: ProdtctionContent root path: C:\Users\yuezh\Desktop\Demo\AspNetCore.SamplesNow listening on: http://*:5003Application started. Press Ctrl+C to shut down.

参考资料:

  • dotnet-publish

  • Working with multiple environments

  • How to set the hosting environment in ASP.NET Core

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