五个有趣的Python脚本
Python可以玩的方向有很多，比如爬虫、预测分析、GUI、自动化、图像处理、可视化等等，可能只需要十几行代码就能实现酷炫的功能。
因为Python是动态脚本语言，所以代码逻辑比Java要简要很多，实现同样的功能少写很多代码。而且Python生态有众多的第三方工具库，把功能都封装在包里，只需要你调用接口，就能使用复杂的功能。
下面举几个简单好玩的脚本例子，初学者可以照着代码写写，能快速掌握python语法。
1、使用PIL、Matplotlib、Numpy对模糊老照片进行修复
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from PIL import Image
import os.path
img_path = "E:\test.jpg"
img = Image.open(img_path)
img = np.asarray(img)
flat = img.flatten()
def get_histogram(image, bins):
histogram = np.zeros(bins)
for pixel in image:
histogram[pixel] += 1
return histogram
hist = get_histogram(flat, 256)
cs = np.cumsum(hist)
nj = (cs - cs.min()) * 255
N = cs.max() - cs.min()
cs = nj / N
cs = cs.astype('uint8')
img_new = cs[flat]
img_new = np.reshape(img_new, img.shape)
fig = plt.figure()
fig.set_figheight(15)
fig.set_figwidth(15)
fig.add_subplot(1, 2, 1)
plt.imshow(img, cmap='gray')
plt.title("Image 'Before' Contrast Adjustment")
fig.add_subplot(1, 2, 2)
plt.imshow(img_new, cmap='gray')
plt.title("Image 'After' Contrast Adjustment")
filename = os.path.basename(img_path)
plt.show()2、将文件批量压缩，使用zipfile库
import os
import zipfile
from random import randrange
def zip_dir(path, zip_handler):
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
for file in files:
zip_handler.write(os.path.join(root, file))
if __name__ == '__main__':
to_zip = input("""
Enter the name of the folder you want to zip
(N.B.: The folder name should not contain blank spaces)
>
""")
to_zip = to_zip.strip() + "/"
zip_file_name = f'zip{randrange(0,10000)}.zip'
zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile(zip_file_name, 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
zip_dir(to_zip, zip_file)
zip_file.close()
print(f'File Saved as {zip_file_name}')3、使用tkinter制作计算器GUI
tkinter是python自带的GUI库，适合初学者练手创建小软件
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("Standard Calculator")
root.resizable(0, 0)
e = tk.Entry(root,
width=35,
bg='#f0ffff',
fg='black',
borderwidth=5,
justify='right',
font='Calibri 15')
e.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=3, padx=12, pady=12)
def buttonClick(num):
temp = e.get(
)
e.delete(0, tk.END)
e.insert(0, temp + num)
def buttonClear():
e.delete(0, tk.END)4、PDF转换为Word文件
使用pdf2docx库，可以将PDF文件转为Word格式
from pdf2docx import Converter
import os
import sys
pdf = input("Enter the path to your file: ")
assert os.path.exists(pdf), "File not found at, "+str(pdf)
f = open(pdf,'r+')
doc_name_choice = input("Do you want to give a custom name to your file ?(Y/N)")
if(doc_name_choice == 'Y' or doc_name_choice == 'y'):
doc_name = input("Enter the custom name : ")+".docx"
else:
pdf_name = os.path.basename(pdf)
doc_name =os.path.splitext(pdf_name)[0] + ".docx"
cv = Converter(pdf)
path = os.path.dirname(pdf)
cv.convert(os.path.join(path, "", doc_name) , start=0, end=None)
print("Word doc created!")
cv.close()5、Python自动发送邮件
使用smtplib和email库可以实现脚本发送邮件。
import smtplib
import email
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.header import Header
mail_host = "smtp.163.com"
mail_sender = "******@163.com"
mail_license = "********"
mail_receivers = ["******@qq.com","******@outlook.com"]
mm = MIMEMultipart('related')
subject_content = """Python邮件测试"""
mm["From"] = "sender_name<******@163.com>"
mm["To"] = "receiver_1_name<******@qq.com>,receiver_2_name<******@outlook.com>"
mm["Subject"] = Header(subject_content,'utf-8')
body_content = """你好，这是一个测试邮件！"""
message_text = MIMEText(body_content,"plain","utf-8")
mm.attach(message_text)
image_data = open('a.jpg','rb')
message_image = MIMEImage(image_data.read())
image_data.close()
mm.attach(message_image)
atta = MIMEText(open('sample.xlsx', 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')
atta["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="sample.xlsx"'
mm.attach(atta)
stp = smtplib.SMTP()
stp.connect(mail_host, 25)
stp.set_debuglevel(1)
stp.login(mail_sender,mail_license)
stp.sendmail(mail_sender, mail_receivers, mm.as_string())
print("邮件发送成功")
stp.quit()小结
Python还有很多好玩的小脚本，你可以根据自己的场景来编写，也可以使用现成的第三方库。
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